Bruxism

Bruxism refers to when you chronically clench or grind your teeth, also known as “bruxing.” Patients may have awake bruxism, in which the clenching happens unconsciously during the day, or sleeping bruxism, in which you grind or clench your teeth during the night.

In many cases, bruxism is a mild developmental disorder or chronic habit that can be treated with awareness and behavioral changes. However, in most patients with sleeping bruxism, the issue is left untreated until more serious symptoms arise. These symptoms could include:

• Jaw disorders such as TMD
• Chipped, cracked, or worn teeth
• Chronic headaches
• Jaw locking or dislocation
• Face pain, including muscle tension

Worn or “abraded” teeth accompanied by jaw pain are often the first signs patients notice before seeking treatment for bruxism. The causes of bruxism include stress, mood disorders, genetics, smoking, overconsumption of alcohol or caffeine, and medications for depression, seizures, and ADHD.

Regardless of the cause, sleeping bruxism is often accompanied by other sleep disorders such as sleep apnea. For this reason, many providers classify bruxism as a sleep movement disorder.

In serious cases, bruxism may require treatment. Biofeedback therapy is often used to try and correct the habits that cause subconscious clenching and grinding. If unsuccessful, a special mouthguard called an occlusal appliance may be prescribed to protect the teeth from being worn down. Other more extreme treatments such as prescription dopamine agonists and botox injections may be warranted in severe cases.

If you notice the symptoms of bruxism, ask your dental provider to check your teeth for the signs of wear and tear associated with the condition. They can help you learn more about the cause of your habit and prescribe the right treatment for your situation.