Gingivitis

Gingivitis is one of the most common gum diseases, also known as periodontal disease. Its primary symptom is irritation, swelling, redness, and bleeding of the gums, though people may also experience bad breath. The part of the gum that bleeds is the closest to the base of the teeth, a part known as the “gingiva,” which is where the condition gets its name. For this reason, many people with gingivitis fail to notice the condition until they floss and the sensitive gingiva bleeds.

On its own, gingivitis is not a serious or permanent condition. When properly treated by a dental professional, gingivitis usually resolves without complications. When left untreated, gingivitis can progress to periodontitis, which is much more serious and can lead to tooth loss.

Poor or inconsistent oral care is the primary cause of gingivitis. When plaque is left to build up and breed bacteria, the gums become infected and inflamed. There are other possible risk factors for gingivitis, including:

• Smoking
• Chewing tobacco
• Dry mouth
• Vitamin C deficiency
• Malfunctioning fillings, bridges, or implants
• Immunodeficiency syndromes such as HIV/AIDS
• Cancer treatment
• Certain medications such as Dilantin and Phenytek
• Viral/fungal infections
• Female hormonal changes

The best way to prevent gingivitis is to practice good oral hygiene habits and visit the dentist regularly. If you have any of the above risk factors, speak with your dentist about your risk for gingivitis. They will screen your gums for the condition and review your oral health routine to help you improve.