Halitosis

Bad breath or halitosis can have numerous causes. Typically, halitosis is caused by bacteria buildup resulting from food breakdown, especially certain foods such as garlic and onions. After eating and digesting these foods, their flavor compounds pass into the bloodstream and affect the person’s breath.

Usually, this form of bad breath is temporary. However, it can also become chronic when certain conditions are met, including:

• Lapses in oral hygiene, which allow plaque to form on the hard surface of teeth, potentially leading to gingivitis and other risk factors for halitosis
• Denture use, which can collect food and bacteria that cause bad odors
• Smoking or chewing tobacco
• Dry mouth, which can be caused by habits or diseases and turns the mouth into a breeding ground for the bacteria that causes bad breath
• Certain medications
• Oral infections, including sores, tooth decay, and surgical wounds
• GERD, the clinical name for chronic heartburn

Bacteria growth can resolve on its own with a conservative change in oral healthcare habits. The best way to treat mild halitosis is to improve your oral hygiene such as by using a higher-quality toothpaste or a fluoride-containing mouthwash. Instead of brushing twice and flossing once per day, try brushing and flossing after each meal. Dehydration can also cause many of the risk factors for halitosis, including a lack of saliva, so drinking plenty of water can protect you from bad breath as well.

Many people suffering from halitosis have become used to the smell and may have difficulty noticing the condition. Ask a friend, family member, or dental hygienist about your breath to determine whether you need to take steps to improve your oral hygiene.